UNDERSTANDING HEPATITIS B

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WHAT IS HEPATITIS B?
Hepatitis B is a liver infection caused by the hepatitis B virus. Hepatitis B can range from a mild illness lasting a few weeks to a serious, lifelong illness.
Acute hepatitis B is a short-term illness that occurs within the first 6 months after someone is
exposed to the hepatitis B virus. An acute infection can range in severity from a mild illness with
few or no symptoms to a serious condition requiring hospitalization. Some people, especially
adults, are able to clear the virus without treatment. People who clear the virus become immune
and cannot get infected with the hepatitis B virus again. Acute infection can — but does not always
— lead to chronic infection.Chronic hepatitis B is a lifelong infection with the hepatitis B virus. Over time, chronic hepatitis B can cause serious health problems, including liver damage, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and even death.

How is hepatitis B spread?
The hepatitis B virus is spread when blood, semen, or other body fluid infected with the hepatitis B
virus enters the body of a person who is not infected. People can become infected with the virus
from:
*Birth (spread from an infected mother to her baby during birth)
*Sex with an infected partner
*Sharing needles, syringes, or drug preparation equipment
*Sharing items such as toothbrushes, razors or medical equipment such as a glucose monitor with
an infected person
*Direct contact with the blood or open sores of an infected person
*Exposure to blood from needle sticks or other sharp instruments of an infected person
Hepatitis B virus is not spread through food or water, sharing eating utensils, breastfeeding, hugging,
kissing, hand holding, coughing, or sneezing.





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